These were they who came from the Peloponnese and from the Boeotians from Orchomenos in Arcadia a hundred and twenty.of the men of Tegea and Mantinea a thousand, half from each place.of the Spartans three hundred hoplites.These were the Greeks who awaited the attack of the Persian in The main source for the battle of 480 is Herodotus, Histories, 7.201-233, which is offered here in the translation by G.C. This page was created in 1996 last modified on 14 April 2020.Thermopylae (Greek Θερμοπύλαι 'Hot Gates'): small pass in Greece, site of several battles, of which the Spartan defeat against the Persian invaders in 480 is the most famous.

Some thoughts about the missing part are here. twenty-eighth logos: foundation of the Athenian empire ( 9.114-122).twenty-seventh logos: liberation of Ionia ( 9.90-113).twenty-sixth logos: battle of Plataea ( 9.1-89).twenty-fourth logos: naval battle of Salamis ( 8.40-96).

twenty-third logos: naval battle off Artemisium ( 8.1-39).twenty-second logos: battle of Thermopylae ( 7.138-239).twenty-first logos: the Persians cross to Europe ( 7.57-137).twentieth logos: Persian preparations ( 7.1-55).nineteenth logos: battle of Marathon ( 6.94-140).eighteenth logos: affairs in Greece ( 6.43-93).seventeenth logos: Persian reconquest of Ionia ( 6.1-42).sixteenth logos: Ionian revolt ( 5.97-126).fifteenth logos: affairs in Athens ( 5.55-96).fourteenth logos: beginning of the Ionian revolt affairs in Sparta ( 5.28-55).thirteenth logos: Persian conquest of Thrace ( 5.1-28).twelfth logos: Persian conquest of Libya ( 4.145-205).eleventh logos: Persian campaign against the Scythians ( 4.83-144).

tenth logos: country and customs of the Scythians ( 4.1-82).

seventh logos: Cambyses' conquest of Egypt ( 3.1-60).

sixth logos: history of Egypt ( 2.100-182).

fifth logos: customs and animals of Egypt ( 2.35-99).

fourth logos: geography of Egypt ( 2.1-34).

third logos: affairs in Babylonia and Persia ( 1.141-216).

second logos: the rise of Cyrus the Great ( 1.95-140).

first logos: the story of Croesus ( 1.1-94).

This overview of the contents of Herodotus' Histories is essentially based on Silvana Cagnazzi's article 'Tavola dei 28 logoi di Erodoto' in the journal Hermes 103 (1975), page 385-423, except for book three. There are very strong indications that this is not the original division probably, Herodotus thought about his oeuvre as a collection of twenty-eight lectures, in Greek called logoi. Our division of Herodotus' Histories in nine 'books' goes back to an edition by third century BCE scholars, working in the great library of Alexandria. In Antiquity, books consisted of papyrus scrolls.

Herodotus the histories online